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Cultivation of fruits & vegetables surpassed that of cereal grains.
Jan 17, 2023

Producing fruits and vegetables at minimal cost, India is one of the world's major agricultural economies. The agricultural sector of India's economy is the country's backbone. Horticulture refers to the cultivation of plants for human use, including but not limited to fruits, vegetables, and flowers. The Latin terms hortus (garden) and cultura (cultivation) are the origins of the English word 'horticulture.' It describes the practice of growing plants in a contained space, such as a garden. Every step of the horticulture process—from planting to crop management to harvesting to packing to storage to marketing and processing—requires meticulous attention to detail. Horticulture crops account for over 28 per cent of India's GDP, and India is the world's second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables after China (GDP). Much of the agricultural output is exported, and it also serves as a critical input for the food processing and distribution sectors.

The salience of the horticulture sector

India's horticulture industry has a lot of potential, and the way we grow and sell fruits is changing, which is a step in the right direction toward the next generation. By adding human intelligence and technology to farms, the country is catching up with high-value markets that were once an afterthought, mostly because farmers stuck to the old ways of farming. Things are shaking up, and they are changing rapidly. Indian fruit orchards and farms are now attracting overseas and corporate investments and modernising production methods, resulting in opening up newer markets for premium agricultural produce and boosting exports as well.

The scope and significance

Horticultural plant cultivation plays a significant role in the Indian economy by giving jobs and raw materials to food processing companies, as well as by increasing production, hence increasing profitability and export revenues from foreign currency. In the previous several decades, this field's contribution to the gross domestic product has increased its significance (GDP). It has emerged as a leading source for boosting income, alleviating poverty, and creating jobs. Some 24 million hectare, or more than 7 per cent of all agricultural land, is allocated to horticulture. India ranks second in the cultivation of vegetables such as potatoes, cauliflower and brinjal and is the leading producer of okra. In terms of the cultivation of fruits such as mango, banana, guava, lemon, and papaya, India ranks first. In India, the cultivation of fruits and vegetables has surpassed that of cereal grains.

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