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Fruits and Vegetables Seeds
Fruits & Vegetable Seeds in India are being viewed as a high growth Industry. Most seeds normally remain viable for 2 or 3 years if stored under good conditions. Therefore, buy only from seed firms of known integrity. High-yielding, high price seeds should have 90% germination. For germination of seeds adequate moisture, temperature and aeration are essential. The requirement of temperature for various fruits and vegetable seeds varies markedly. Some seeds do not germinate at low temperature while some others at high. Usually, germination is optimum between 40 F and 105 F. Seeds absorb moisture and swell and vital activities start. Respiration begins and energy is supplied and this requires oxygen. Aeration is essential to supply oxygen. If the supply of water is more or over wet aeration is poor, it may hinder germination.
The first disinfectant eliminates organisms present on the surface of seeds. For this calcium hypochlorite, mercuric chloride and bromide water may be used.
The second disinfectant eliminates organisms present within the seeds. For this hot water, formaldehyde and mercuric chloride are effective. In hot water treatment, dry seeds are immersed in hot water at 45 C to 550 C for 10 to 15 minutes.
In the third treatment protectants are fungicides to protect seeds from soil fungi. Nursery soil should be drenched before sowing seeds.
The vegetable seeds should be sown in nursery beds in lines 1.5-2 cm below the surface and soiled at a distance of 5-6 cm. The distance between the lines should be of 10-15 cm. After sowing cover the seeds with sieved compost very lightly. The beds should be watered with a sprinkler.
The above distance between plants or rows can be changed according to the size of seeds, kind of vegetables and the types of seedlings. Similarly, the depth of coverage with compost varies with the kind of seed. Very fine seeds may be dusted over the nursery bed. Covering of other seeds may be one to two times their minimum diameter. Over watering creates high humidity and poor aeration and contributes to "damping off" disease.
Individual Sub-Products:  
Sugar Beet Seeds Pomegranate Seeds
Beet Seeds Tomato Seeds
Clover Seeds Tamarind Seeds
Timothey Grass Seeds Fruit Seeds
Cabmeseeds Seeds of Forage Plants
Cauliflower Seeds Seeds of Herbaceus Plants
Onion Seeds Kentucky Blue Grass Seeds
Pea Seeds Other seeds
Radish Seeds  
Varieties:    
The major seeds which are grown in India are Beet Seeds, Cabbage Seeds, Cauliflower seeds, Fruit Seeds, Onion seeds, Pea Seeds, Pomegranate seeds, Radish Seeds, Tamarind Seeds and Other Seeds, etc.
Areas of Cultivation :    
Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, and Odisha have emerged as major areas of cultivation.
India Facts and Figures :    
The country has exported 13605.72 MT of Fruits and Vegetables Seeds to the world for the worth of Rs. 827.13 crores/ 103.28 USD Millions during the year 2022-23.
Major Export Destinations (2022-23) : U.S.A, Netherland, Bangladesh, United Arab Emts, Thailand and Korea Rep were major importing countries of Indian seeds during the same period.

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  • Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)
    (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India)

  • NCUI Building 3, Siri Institutional Area, August Kranti Marg, New Delhi - 110 016
    Phone : 91-11-41486013, 20863919, 20867008, 20867007